短句子网1.这个英语虚拟语气的句子合语法吗
虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）这一语法项目是各类英语考试中心测试的重点之一。
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。 Ⅰ用以表示虚拟条件的虚拟语气 ⒈ 用if条件从句表示的虚拟条件，是虚拟条件最普通的方式。
① 虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式（be 一般用were），主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形，例如：If I were in your position I would marry her. ② 虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设，if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时即had+过去分词，主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词，例如：If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis. ③ 大多数的虚拟条件句属于上面三种情况的一种，但并不排除存在条件和后果中，一个和现在情况相反，另一个和过去情况相反，例如：If you had followed what the doctor said, you would not have been so painful now.这个句子在高中出现频率颇高。 ④ 但是，如果后果用了虚拟语气，而条件却用陈述语气，这种用法是错的。
⒉ 除了表示虚假条件外，if从句还可以表示对将来的推测，由于是将来还没有发生的，所以谈不上是真实的还是虚假的，只能说这个事情发生的可能性有多大。一般情况下，可以用陈述语气的if从句来表示对一个未来事实的推测，这个事实是完全可能发生的。
If从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用were to / should +动词原形，主句用would / should /could/ might +动词原形，例如：Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she were to get a job she probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often.(1996年1月四级第44题) ⒊ 有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if 省去，而将had , should, were 等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构，这时候，如果出现not等否定词，否定词需放在主语后面。这种结构在口语中很少使用，但频频出现在各类考试中出现，例如：If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis.→Had it not rained so hard yesterday, we could have played tennis. ⒋ 大多数的虚拟条件通过上面所讲的两种方法表达，但在个别句子中也可以通过介词without和介词短语but for表达，副词otherwise等表达出来。
例如：We didn't know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.(1995年6月四级第46题)值得注意的是，包含but for的句子，谓语动词必定要用虚拟形式，但包含without等短语的句子，谓语动词未必一定要用虚拟语气。 ⒌ 有时虚拟条件不是明确地表达出来，而在蕴含在用but引导的从句里，于是便出现了有谓语动词是虚拟语气的主句加上谓语动词是陈述语气的but从句构成的并列复合句，例如I would have hung you but the telephone was out of order.在这样的句子里，如果主句没有用虚拟语气，或者从句用了虚拟语气，都是错的。
Ⅱ用在宾语从句中的虚拟语气 ⒈ 在表示愿望的动词wish后的宾语从句中，需用虚拟语气。（wish后的that 常省略），根据主句时态，从句谓语时态相应退后一位，例如：How she wished his family could go with him. ⒉ 在具有愿望、请求、建议、命令等主观意愿的动词（desire, demand, advice, insist, require, suggest, propose, order, recommend, decide …） 后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。
谓语动词用（should） +动词原形。值得注意的是，如果宾语从句的动词是否定的，否定词not的位置应在动词之前，而不是动词之后。
例如：The head nurse insisted that the patient not be move.另外，如suggest表达“暗示”，insist表示“坚持某种说法”时，后面的从句不用虚拟语气，例如：Her pale face suggests that she is ill.或He insisted that he did not kill the boy. 除此之外，上述动词也要求用虚拟式 ① 在It is+上述动词的过去分词，其后所跟的主语从句中，如It is suggested that pupils wear school uniforms. ② 在上述动词相应的名词形式作主语+连系动词，其后的表语从句中，例如His suggestion was that classed be re-scheduled. ③ 在对上述动词相应的名词进行解释的同位语从句中，如：The workers raised the demand that their pay be increased to cope with the inflation. ⒊ would (had)rather , would sooner也用来表达主观愿望，它们之后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反，例如：I would rather he went right now. Ⅲ其他形式的虚拟语气 ⒈ it is +necessary等形容词后，that主语从句中虚拟形式使用，这类形容词包括necessary, important, essential, imperative, urgent, preferable, vital, advisable等，例如It is necessary that you listen to the teacher carefully.或者It is essential that you be able to pronounce every single word correctly. ⒉ 在It's (high/about) time 之后的定语从句中需用虚拟语气。
谓语动词用过去式，例如It is high time that you went to school ⒊ 虚拟语气在as if / as though 引导的方式状语从句。
2.最简单英语虚拟语气
虚拟语气的基本作用是： 1. 表达假设的情况，与事实相反； 2. 表达异想天开很难实现的愿望； 3. 表达建议、命令、劝告等语气。
第一种 If 条件句中的虚拟语气 If wishes were horses, beggars would ride. If places were alike, there would be little need for geographers. If I had taken your advice, I wouldn't have made such a stupid mistake. if虚拟条件句的倒装 Had I been(= If I had been ) in that situation, I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.if 条件句中的错综时间复杂句If we had consulted him on the question yesterday, we should know what to do now.If 的固定结构中 if it were not for / if it had not been for(but for)…if it were not for表示与现在事实相反，if it had not been for表示与过去事实相反。意为“要不是…”。
如果if被省去则引起倒装。如：* Were it not for the sun, there would be no plant on our planet.。
3.英语虚拟语气
虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。
真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句 条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
eg: If he doesn't hurry up, he will miss the bus. 如果他不快点，他将错过巴士。（ 真实） If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories. 如果他是空闲的，他会要求我讲故事。
（真实） If I were you, I would go at once.如果我是你，我马上就会去。 （非真实，虚拟语气） If there were no air, people would die. 如果没有空气，人就会死亡。
（非真实，虚拟语气） 用法及动词形式 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况： 从句：主语+过去时 主句：主语+should/would/could/might+do 例： 1.If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你） 2.If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。
（事实：不知道） 3.If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。（事实：地球上既有空气也有水） 4.If I had any money with me, I could lend you some. 如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些。
（事实：没带钱） 5.If he studied harder, he might pass the exam. 如果他再努力些，就能通过考试了。（事实：没有努力） 2、表示与过去事实相反的情况 从句：主语+had done 主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have done 例： 1. If I had gotten there earlier, I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。
（事实：去晚了） 2.If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。 （事实：没有听我的话） 3、表示对将来情况的主观推测 从句：①if+主语+were to do 主句：①主语+should/would/could/might+do ②if+主语+did/were ②主语+should/would/could/might+do ③if+主语+should+do ③主语+should/would/could/might+do 例： 1.If he should come here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him. 如果他哪天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。
（事实：来的可能性很小） 2.If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了。（事实：不知能否下雪） 3.If she were to be there next Monday, I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末。
4、有时，虚拟条件句中，结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。 ①从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。
如： If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会成为一个工程师了 If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话，我们现在就不会来这里了。 ②从句的动作与现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符。
如： If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话，我们会已经派他去北京了。 If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话，他肯定会去问候她了。
5、当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时，if可以省略，这时条件从句要用倒装语序，即将were, should, had等词置于句首，这种多用于书面语。 如： Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. 要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。
Were she here, she would agree with us. 如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。 Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果他懂一些电脑知识的话，我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。
6、非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来，只暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句，在多数情况下，条件会暗含在短语中，如without….， but for….等 如： But for his help, we would be working now. 要不是他的帮助，我们还会在工作呢。 Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress. 要是没有你的指导，我不会取得如此大的进步。
We didn't know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him. 我们不知道他的电话号码，否则我们就会给他打电话。 7、有时，虚拟条件句中，主、从句可以省略其中的一个，来表示说话人的一种强烈的感情。
①省略从句 He would have finished it. 他本该完成了。 You could have passed this exam. 你应该能通过这次考试了。
②省略主句 If I were at home now. 要是我现在在家里该多好啊。 If only I had got it. 要是我得到它了该多好啊。
、编辑本段虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）的其他用法 用在wish 后的宾语从句 a、表示与现在事实相反的愿望，谓语动词用过去式 eg。.。
4.请帮我分析几个英语虚拟语气句子
1. 答案正确，楼主理解有误。
if引导的条件状语从句的虚拟语气存在着一种所谓的“混合”的说法，即从句和主句是针对发生在不同时间的动作分别进行各自虚拟。此题从句就是针对过去动作的虚拟，所以用过去完成时即“had+过去分词”，但是主句缺少对现在动作进行虚拟，所以用“would / should / could / might + 动词原形”即可。
2. if only引导虚拟条件句，如果针对过去虚拟，从句就用过去完成时；如果针对现在虚拟，则用一般过去时。而主句同样是对现在进行虚拟，所以也用“would / should / could / might + 动词原形”即可。
It would be very nice if only it were possible.如果它（现在）是有可能的，（现在）那该有多好啊！3. Let's say和you could go there都有虚拟的暗示。“Let's say”直译为“让我们说”，其实就是“让我们假设”之意，所以后面用could而不用can，而最后面也用“would you feel”了。
最好的理解是，把Let's say换成if就可以了，即原句可以换写成：If you could go there again, how would you feel?4. as if/though引导的方式状语从句的虚拟语气，跟主句的时态并无关系，而是把主句动作和从句动作发生的时间进行对比。1）从句动作发生在主句动作之前，则从句用过去完成时；2）从句动作与主句动作同时发生，则从句用一般过去时或过去进行时；3）从句动作发生在主句动作之后，则从句用过去将来时。
该题know everything是发生在talk之前，所以从句直接用过去完成时。再如：He always talks as though I were his child.（同时发生）He always talks as though he would never be able to talk in the future.（从句动作发生在主句动作之后）5. wish引导的宾语从句的虚拟语气和主句时态也没有关系，而是直接看从句动作发生的时间，如果是过去发生，则用过去完成时；从句动作发生在现在，则用一般过去时；从句动作发生在将来，则用过去将来时。
从题意来看，应该是“他希望他早已经看过这场足球比赛而不是在电影里看过（？）”，所以是指“（过去的时候）早就看过”。从句动作发生在过去，所以从句时态用过去完成时。
5.求20句含虚拟语气的英语句子
一些较有代表性的句子，希望能有所帮助：
He ordered that
all the books should be sent at once.
We propose that
somebody neutral take the chair.
The doctor
insisted that he should not eat meat.
We were faced with
the demand that this tax should be abolished.
Their decision was
that the school remain closed.
It is essential
that all the facts should examined first.
I thought it
advisable that an armed guard should stand in readiness.
It is imperative
that this mission should not fail.
If you had taken
the medicine, you would feel better now.
If I had known
that he was not at home, I would not have called on him.
If it were not for
the fact that he is ill, I would ask him to do this right now.
Had she more
money, she would dress fashionably.
Had you been here
earlier, you would have seen him.
Should there be a
meeting tomorrow, I would come.
I wish I had taken
your advice.
He looks as if he
were an artist.
He speaks English
so fluently as if he had studied in England.
It looks as if it
might rain.
If only I were a
bird.
If only the rain
would stop.
But for your help,
I would have failed then.
Without air, there
would be no living things.
6.虚拟语气有哪几种句型
虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）这一语法项目是各类英语考试中心测试的重点之一.虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测.判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句.只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气.通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反.通常有三种情况：①与过去事实相反.②与现在事实相反.③与将来事实可能相反 I： 最基本的虚拟语气句型：1. 虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过 去式（be 一般用were），主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形. If places were a like, there would be little need for geographers.如果各个地方都一样，就不需要地理学家了.2. 虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设，if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时 即had+过去分词，主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词. If he had known your address yesterday, he would have telephoned you. 3. 虚拟将来时是表示对将来实现的可能性很小的或不确定的假设.If从句的谓 语形式用一般过去式或用were to / should +动词原形，主句用would / should /could/ might +动词原形. If he were to leave today, he would get there by Friday4. 省略if 采用倒装语序的条件句. 有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if 省去，而将had , should, were 等 词 提到主语之前，即用倒装结构. Had he worked harder, he would have got through the exams.Were he to leave today, he would get there by Friday.Were I in your place, I wouldn't do that5. 有时虚拟条件句并没来if 从句表示出来，而是用介词短语（otherwise, or, without, but for）、上下文或其它方 式来表示. We didn't know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.Without you help, I wouldn't have achieved so much.But for your help, I would not have succeeded.II： 虚拟语气在从句中用should的情况：1. 在建议，要求，命令，想法后的动词后的从句里， 用should + 动词原形， should 可以省略. 如 advise, agree, command, decide, demand, determine, grant, indicate, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, require, stipulate, suggest, urge, vote. 常考到的是： suggest, advise, demand, require, propose, insist, order, request.His doctor suggested that he (should) take short leave of absence.The author proposed that TV (should) be turned off at least one hour every day.2. 在建议，要求，命令，想法后的名词后的从句里， 用should + 动词原形， should可以省略. 如 advice, agreement, command, decision, decree, demand, determination, indication, insistence, order, preference, proposal, request, requirement, stipulation etc.It was Bill's suggestion that everyone (should) have a map.His suggestion was that everyone (should) have a map.He gave us a suggestion that everyone (should) have a map.3. 在It is/was +形容词后的that 从句中用should的结构， should 可以省略. 这类形容词常见的有： advisable, anxious, compulsory, crucial, desirable, eager, essential, fitting, imperative（绝对必要）， impossible, improper, important, natural, necessary, obligatory, possible, preferable, probable, recommended, urgent, vital etc.It's natural that she (should) do so.It is essential that we (should) tell her the news.4. 在 lest 和 for fear that（ 以免） ， in case （以防）从句中用should, should 可以省略.She walked quietly lest she (should) wake up her roommates.Have your gun ready in case we should need it.III: wish 后的 that 从句中：1. 表示现在或将来的愿望，从句中过去式.I wish I knew his address.I wish I were young.2. 表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望， 从句用过去完成式或would, could, might + have + 过去分词.I wish you had written to him.I wish I could have slept longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.3. 如果将wish改成wished， 其后that 从句中的动词形式不变.4. 如果that 从句中用would ， 一般表示 对现状不满或希望未来有所改变 或请求 I wish he would answer my letter.I wish prices would come down.I wish you would help me.I wish you would stop asking silly questions.IV： 在 It's about/ high/ first(second, third etc) time 后的that 从句中， 用过去式. 表示 “该是做什么的时候了” It is about time you were in bed.It is high time we left.It is the first time I came here.V： 在would rather, would sooner, would just as soon 后的that从句中， 用过去式或过去完成式， 表示”宁愿做什么” I would rather he came tomorrow than today.John would rather that she had not gone to the party yesterday evening.VI： 在if only 感叹句中， 谓语动词与wish宾语从句的虚拟形式相同.If only he didn't drive so fast！ （现在） If only she had asked someone's advice。
7.英语造句在虚拟语气中英语造句：在虚拟语气中,分别用insist, 爱问
She insisted that David should go with her. 她坚持认为大卫应该跟她一起去 The judge ordered that the man should be released. 法官下令那男子应该被释放 He commanded that it should be done. 他下达命令，此事须完成不怠 He asked that he should be given an opportunity to explain his case.他请求给他机会解释他的情况。
